<p><span style="background-color:hsl(0,75%,60%);"><strong>Lektion 10. Studium und Beruf </strong></span></p><p> </p><p>einen Tagesablauf beschreiben I über Vergangenes sprechen I Aussagen über die Jobsuche verstehen von einem Tag berichten I telefonieren und nachfragen I über Jobs sprechen </p><p><br><span style="color:hsl(240, 75%, 60%);"><strong>Perfekt: Thì hoàn thành</strong> </span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Dùng để miêu tả các hành động sự việc diễn ra trong quá khứ.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Cấu trúc:</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Perfekt = </span><span style="color:red;">Hilfsverb</span><span style="color:black;"> + </span><span style="color:#70AD47;">Partizip 2</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Ví dụ: Daniel </span><span style="color:red;">hat </span><span style="color:black;">6 Stunden </span><span style="color:#70AD47;">gelernt.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"> </span><span style="color:red;"><i>Hilfsverb</i></span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><i> Partizip 2 </i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"> </span><span style="color:black;">Sie </span><span style="color:red;">ist</span><span style="color:#70AD47;"> </span><span style="color:black;">morgen nach Deutsch</span><span style="color:#70AD47;"> geflogen.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"> </span><span style="color:red;"><i>Hilfsverb </i></span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><i>Partizip 2</i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"> </p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="background-color:hsl(0, 75%, 60%);">•</span><span style="background-color:hsl(0, 75%, 60%);color:black;"><strong>Sein</strong>: Kết hợp với những động từ chỉ <strong><u>sự thay đổi trạng thái</u></strong>.</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"> </p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:hsl(0, 75%, 60%);">•Một số động từ chỉ sự thay đổi trạng thái:</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">erscheinen (xuất hiện, xuất bản)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">verschwinden (biến mất)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">einschlafen (thiếp đi)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">ankommen (đến nơi)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">untergehen (lặn, chìm xuống)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">aufgehen (mọc)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">aufwachen (tỉnh dậy),</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">abfahren(khởi hành),</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">aufstehen (thức dậy),</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">abfliegen (khởi hành),</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="color:black;">abschließen (hoàn tất)</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="background-color:hsl(0, 75%, 60%);"><strong>•</strong></span><span style="background-color:hsl(0, 75%, 60%);color:black;"><strong>Sein: Kết hợp với những động từ chỉ <u>sự chuyển động, dịch chuyển</u> từ vị trí này đến vị trí khác.</strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Ví dụ: Phân biệt 2 câu:</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"> <i>Ich </i></span><span style="color:red;"><i><strong>bin</strong></i></span><span style="color:black;"><i> gestern nach Deutschland </i></span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><i>geflogen</i></span><span style="color:black;"><i>.</i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"><i> Ich </i></span><span style="color:red;"><i>bin</i></span><span style="color:black;"><i> mit dem Bus gefahren.</i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"> </p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"><i> Ich </i></span><span style="color:red;"><i><strong>habe</strong></i></span><span style="color:black;"><i> ein Flugzeug nach Deutschland </i></span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><i>geflogen</i></span><span style="color:black;"><i>.</i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"><i> Ich </i></span><span style="color:red;"><i>habe</i></span><span style="color:black;"><i> mit dem Auto zur Uni gefahren.</i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"> </p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="background-color:hsl(0, 75%, 60%);color:black;"><i><strong>* Tương tự với động từ ,,fahren”</strong></i></span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"><span style="background-color:hsl(270, 75%, 60%);">•</span><span style="background-color:hsl(270, 75%, 60%);color:black;"><strong>Sein </strong>kết hợp với 3 động từ <i><strong>sein, bleiben, werden</strong></i></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;">Ich </span><span style="color:red;"><strong>bin</strong></span><span style="color:black;"> zu Hause </span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><strong>geblieben.</strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;">Ich </span><span style="color:red;"><strong>bin</strong></span><span style="color:black;"> zwei Jahre in Deutschland </span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><strong>gewesen.</strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"><strong>Ich war …</strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;">Er </span><span style="color:red;"><strong>ist</strong></span><span style="color:black;"> Arzt </span><span style="color:#70AD47;"><strong>geworden.</strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"><strong>Er wurde …</strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;">* Tuy nhiên </span><span style="color:red;"><strong>sein</strong></span><span style="color:black;"> và </span><span style="color:red;"><strong>werden</strong></span><span style="color:black;"> thường được dùng trong thì Präteritum.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:#ED7D31;">Nhóm động từ có quy tắc</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"> </span><span style="color:#70AD47;">machen</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ich</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">habe</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>t</strong> : habe gemacht</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>du</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">hast</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>t</strong>: hast gemacht</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ese</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">hat</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>t</strong>: hat gemacht</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ihr</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">habt</span><span style="color:black;"> + + <strong>ge</strong> +<strong> Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>t</strong>: habt gemacht</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>wir</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">haben</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>t</strong>: haben gemacht</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:#ED7D31;">Nhóm động từ có quy tắc</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Những động từ có </span><span style="color:red;">Verbstamm</span><span style="color:black;"> kết thúc bằng </span><span style="color:red;">–t</span><span style="color:black;"> (arbeit-en), hay </span><span style="color:red;">–d</span><span style="color:black;"> (bad-en), </span><span style="color:red;">-n</span><span style="color:black;"> (zeichn-en)</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"> </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"> arbeiten</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ich</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">habe</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong> : habe gearbeitet.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>du</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">hast</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: hast gearbeitet.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ese</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">hat</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: hat gearbeitet.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ihr</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">habt</span><span style="color:black;"> + + <strong>ge</strong> +<strong> Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: habt gearbeitet.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>wir</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">haben</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: haben gearbeitet.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:#ED7D31;">Nhóm động từ có quy tắc</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;">Những động từ có kết thúc bằng </span><span style="color:red;">–ieren </span><span style="color:black;">không cần thêm <i><s><u>–ge</u></s></i><s> </s>và áp dụng quy tắc:</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:black;"> </span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;"><span style="color:#70AD47;"> stud<u>ieren</u></span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ich</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">habe</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong> : habe studiert.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>du</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">hast</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: hast studiert.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ese</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">hat</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: hat studiert.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>ihr</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">habt</span><span style="color:black;"> + + <strong>ge</strong> +<strong> Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: habt studiert.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:black;"><strong>wir</strong> -> </span><span style="color:red;">haben</span><span style="color:black;"> + <strong>ge</strong> + <strong>Verbstamm</strong> + <strong>et</strong>: haben studiert.</span></p><p style="margin-left:.25in;"> </p><p style="margin-left:.25in;">•<span style="color:#ED7D31;">Nhóm động từ bất quy tắc:</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;">•<span style="color:#727272;"> getroffen</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;">•<span style="color:#727272;"> gegeben</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;">•<span style="color:#727272;"> gefunden</span></p><p style="margin-left:0in;">•<span style="color:#727272;"> genommen</span></p>
File Urls
{"id":156,"type":"document","url":"https://nagroup.easyedu.vn/sites/default/files/easyschool/upload/2025/04/lektion_10.pptx","width":null,"height":null,"thumbnail":"https://nagroup.easyedu.vn/sites/all/themes/easyedu/images/powerpoint-large.png"}
Lecture Type
Giáo trình
code
BGA1.2
Created by
914d09fc-d5e6-47a2-9b9d-f05daf2eba91
Subjects